user add

umbra user add <name> --backend <backend> [options]

Registers a named user in the CLI. Each user bundles an identity (name), a signer backend, and the wallet address derived from that backend. All commands that submit transactions use the active user’s signer. If no active user is set when you add the first user, it is automatically activated.

Arguments

Argument	Description
`<name>`	Identifier for this user. Letters, digits, `-`, and `_` only.

Flags

Flag	Default	Description
`--backend <type>`	—	Signer backend. One of: `local`, `privy`, `turnkey`, `para`
`--param <key=value>`	`[]`	Backend parameter (repeat for multiple). See backend details below.
`--secret <KEY=value>`	`[]`	Backend secret as `ENV_KEY=value`. Saved to the OS keychain. Omit to be prompted interactively.
`--activate`	`false`	Set this user as the active user after adding.

Backends

`local` — Local keypair file

Reads a Solana keypair from a JSON file on disk (same format as solana-keygen).

Param	Required	Description
`keypair`	No	Path to keypair JSON file. Default: `~/.config/solana/id.json`

# Use the default keypair location
umbra user add alice --backend local

# Explicit keypair path
umbra user add alice --backend local --param keypair=/path/to/id.json

`privy` — Privy managed wallet

Signs via the Privy server-side wallet API.

Param	Required	Description
`appId`	Yes	Privy application ID
`walletId`	Yes	Privy wallet ID
`apiBaseUrl`	No	Custom Privy API base URL (default: `https://api.privy.io/v1`)

Secret	Description
`PRIVY_APP_SECRET`	Privy application secret

umbra user add alice \
  --backend privy \
  --param appId=<appId> \
  --param walletId=<walletId>
  # prompts for PRIVY_APP_SECRET interactively

# Pass the secret directly (saved to keychain)
umbra user add alice \
  --backend privy \
  --param appId=<appId> \
  --param walletId=<walletId> \
  --secret PRIVY_APP_SECRET=<secret>

`turnkey` — Turnkey managed wallet

Signs via the Turnkey API using a P256 API key pair.

Param	Required	Description
`apiPublicKey`	Yes	Turnkey API public key (hex-encoded)
`organizationId`	Yes	Turnkey organization ID
`privateKeyId`	Yes	Turnkey private key ID used for signing
`publicKey`	Yes	Solana public key (base58) corresponding to the Turnkey private key
`apiBaseUrl`	No	Custom Turnkey API base URL (default: `https://api.turnkey.com`)

Secret	Description
`TURNKEY_API_PRIVATE_KEY`	Turnkey API private key (hex-encoded, P256)

umbra user add alice \
  --backend turnkey \
  --param apiPublicKey=<hex> \
  --param organizationId=<orgId> \
  --param privateKeyId=<keyId> \
  --param publicKey=<base58> \
  --secret TURNKEY_API_PRIVATE_KEY=<hex>

`para` — Para managed wallet

Signs via the Para server-side wallet API.

Param	Required	Description
`walletId`	Yes	Para wallet UUID
`apiBaseUrl`	No	Custom Para API base URL (default: `https://api.beta.getpara.com`)

Secret	Description
`PARA_API_KEY`	Para API key (server-side only)

umbra user add alice \
  --backend para \
  --param walletId=<uuid> \
  --secret PARA_API_KEY=<key>

Secrets and the OS keychain

Secrets passed via --secret or entered interactively are saved to the OS keychain (macOS Keychain, GNOME Keyring, etc.) scoped to the user name. On subsequent runs, the CLI reads them back automatically — no environment variable needed. If the keychain is unavailable (e.g. headless Linux without a keyring daemon), the CLI falls back to the current process environment and prints a warning:

⚠ Could not save the following to the OS keychain:
  - PRIVY_APP_SECRET
Export these as environment variables before running other commands.

In that case, export the variable in your shell before using commands that need it.

Output

✓ User "alice" added
  Backend  local
  Address  GsbwXfJraMomNxBcpR3DBFyKCCmN9SKGzKFJBNKxRFkT
  Active   yes

Get Started

Commands

Changelog

Arguments

Flags

Backends

`local` — Local keypair file

`privy` — Privy managed wallet

`turnkey` — Turnkey managed wallet

`para` — Para managed wallet

Secrets and the OS keychain

Output

​Arguments

​Flags

​Backends

​local — Local keypair file

​privy — Privy managed wallet

​turnkey — Turnkey managed wallet

​para — Para managed wallet

​Secrets and the OS keychain

​Output

Arguments

Flags

Backends

`local` — Local keypair file

`privy` — Privy managed wallet

`turnkey` — Turnkey managed wallet

`para` — Para managed wallet

Secrets and the OS keychain

Output